Unusual Case of Placental Cyst Associated with Severe Oligohydramnios and Intrauterine Growth Restriction in a Patient with Primary Infertility-AB AB

Document Type : Case Reports

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Specialist of Obstetrics & Gynecology. Arbil - Iraq

10.21608/aaogj.2025.430790.1028

Abstract

Placental cysts are rare findings that may compromise placental function, but their antenatal diagnosis is challenging. We present a case of a 42-year-old woman with 15 years of primary infertility (female factor) who conceived after eight months of infertility treatment. Her pregnancy course was uneventful until 28 weeks of gestation, when she developed features of placental insufficiency, severe oligohydramnios, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). She was closely monitored with serial ultrasounds, Doppler studies, three-dimensional imaging, and laboratory tests. At 36 weeks’ gestation, cesarean delivery was performed due to progressive placental dysfunction, and a live male infant weighing 1.4 kg (appropriate for 32 weeks) was delivered. The neonate required two days of neonatal intensive care but was discharged in good health. Intraoperatively, a large placental cyst was observed, which had not been detected by prenatal imaging. At two months postnatal follow-up, the infant was thriving well. This case highlights the clinical significance of undiagnosed placental cysts and their impact on pregnancy outcome, even under close surveillance.

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